社区2型糖尿病患者自我管理行为及影响因素的调查分析

摘要

目的 调查社区2型糖尿病患者自我管理现状并探讨其影响因素.方法 对在北京市某社区卫生服务站就诊的252例2型糖尿病患者采用糖尿病自我管理行为量表、糖尿病痛苦量表、慢性病资源问卷、糖尿病知识问卷、简易疾病认知问卷、糖尿病自我效能量表进行调查,并监测生理生化指标.结果 糖尿病患者的自我管理行为标准得分为61.90分.各维度标准得分为:饮食73.42分；运动32.66分；血糖监测21.29分；足部护理40.00分；遵医嘱用药78.00分.自我效能、慢性病资源、糖尿病疾病认知和腰围是社区2型糖尿病患者自我管理行为的主要影响因素,可以解释社区2型糖尿病患者自我管理行为总变异的31.5％.结论 我国社区2型糖尿病患者自我管理行为现状欠理想,应根据患者的需要实施针对性干预措施,使其建立科学的自我管理行为.%Objective To investigate the current status of self-management behaviors among type 2 diabetic community patients,and to analyze its influential factors.Methods A total of 252 type 2 diabetic community patients were recruited and investigated with the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire (SDSCA),the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS),the Chronic Illness Resources Survey (CIRS),the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire,the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire,and the Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale,the physiological and the biochemical indexes were monitored.Results The total score of self-management behaviors among type 2 diabetic patients was 61.90,the standard dimension scores were 73.42 for diet,32.66 for exercise,21.29 for glucose monitoring,40.00 for foot care,78.00 for medication compliance.Self-efficacy,chronic disease resources,illness perception,and waistline were the main influential factors and explained 31.5 ％ of the variance.Conclusion The current status of self-management in diabetic patients is not ideal.Specific interventional measures should be taken according to patients'needs and promote scientific self-management behaviors of them.