有效的市场需求和效益激励是农业标准化推广实施的基础,在标准化农产品市场有效性不足的情况下,外部规制是农户采纳和遵从标准化生产的重要保障.利用山东、陕西和甘肃960个苹果种植户调查数据,评估农户标准化生产采纳情况,以犯罪经济学分析框架,分析外部规制对农户标准化生产遵从行为的影响.结果表明:尽管部分苹果种植户认可自己生产中进行了无公害生产操作,但实际生产环节却并不相符,存在因"无良"或"无知"造成的标准化生产不遵从问题;规模苹果种植户标准化生产采纳比例明显高于小规模苹果种植户;宣传培训、检查及惩罚显著正向影响苹果种植户遵从标准化生产的程度,而物质扶持对苹果种植户遵从标准化生产并无影响.政府应从加强标准化生产的宣传培训及监督检查方面入手提高农户遵从标准化生产的程度.%Effective market demand and benefit incentive are the basis of agricultural standardization,and ex-ternal regulation is the important guarantee for farmers to adopt and comply standardized production in the case of insufficient efficiency of standardized agricultural products.We evaluate the adaption status of standardized produc-tion based on the data of 960 apple growers in Shandong,Shaanxi and Gansu,and analyze the influence of external regulation on the standardized production compliance behavior using criminal economics.The result shows that some apple growers have recognized the pollution free production operation in their own production,but the actual production process is not consistent with the reality,existing the non compliance problem caused by"unscrupulous"or"ignorance".Large scale growers are significantly higher than the small scale growers in standardized production adoption.Propaganda training,inspection and punishment can significantly affect the extent to which apple grow -ers comply with standardized production,while material support has no effect on that.The government should strengthen the standardization of production training,supervision and inspection aspects to improve the degree of standardized production.
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