'南山'意象与古代东亚都城建构——以长安终南山和奈良吉野山为中心

摘要

在中国古代典籍和文学作品中,"南山"多指长安南边的终南山.在"南山"脚下,周秦汉唐历代都曾建造过辉煌的都城,形成了"南山-北阙"的对峙格局,因为古代人认为终南山"在天之中",理应建都在此.中国古代都城与"南山"的位置关系,集中反映了中华传统的世界观,而这一世界观也影响了朝鲜、日本等周边国家的都城营造.文章将主要通过对长安终南山和日本奈良吉野山的对比分析,来揭示长安"南山-北阙"都城格局的寓意及其对东亚诸国的影响.%In ancient Chinese records and classics, "Nanshan" is frequently used to represent Mount Zhongnan.At the foot of "Nanshan", capitals were built in many dynasties, including Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang, because the Chinese ancients thought that capitals should be built at the foot of Mount Zhongnan which is "in the center of the sky".The locational relationship between the ancient Chinese capitals and "Nanshan" reflects traditional Chinese values, which had influenced the construction of capitals in Korea and Japan.By contrastive analysis of Mount Zhongnan in Chang′an and Mount Yoshino in Nara of Japan, this paper will reveal the implied meaning of "Nanshan-Beique", which is the geographical layout of Chang′an and its influence on the capital construction in the countries of East Asia.