溴氰菊酯在团头鲂体内的富集消除规律研究

摘要

[目的]对溴氰菊酯(DM)在团头鲂体内的富集及消除规律进行研究,为水环境中污染物残留及水产品的质量安全问题研究提供理论依据.[方法]在(18±0.5)℃水温下,以团头鲂为研究对象,经5μg/L DM药浴后,利用气相色谱法分析不同时间DM在血浆、肝脏、肌肉、皮肤、鳃、胆组织中的药物残留,采用3p97药代动力学软件对DM在血浆中的血药浓度时间数据进行拟合,构建DM在各组织中的消除曲线方程.[结果]DM在血浆中的峰值浓度(Cmax)为75.96 μg/L,达峰时间(Tmax)为7.05 h,药-时曲线下面积AUC为1 524.69 (μg·h)/L,吸收半衰期(T1/2(ka))为3.66 h,消除半衰期(T1/2(ke)为6.73 h;DM在团头鲂各组织中富集的浓度从高到低依次为鳃＞血浆＞肝脏＞皮肤＞肌肉＞胆;肝脏、肌肉、皮肤、鳃及胆组织对DM的消除半衰期(T1/2)分别为13.75,12.55,12.55,5.35和3.28 d.团头鲂血浆、肝脏及鳃组织中的DM含量于药浴12 h后明显降低,各组织中的DM含量84 h后均降至(14.37±11.65) μg/kg以下,低于我国规定的DM在鱼肌肉中的最高残留限量(30 μg/kg);但低含量DM在团头鲂体内维持时间较长,768 h(32 d)时在皮肤、肝脏、鳃及肌肉组织中仍有残留.[结论]DM在团头鲂体内吸收分布迅速,在鳃、血浆和肝脏组织中富集浓度较高,其消除时间也较长,药浴后768 h(32 d)在大部分组织中仍能检出.%[Objective] The accumulation and elimination of deltamethrin (DM) in blood,gill,muscle,skin,liver and bravery of Megalobrama amblycephala were studied to provide basis for residual problems in water environments and quality security of aquatic products.[Method] After bath treatment of DM at the doge of 5μg/L and temperature of (18±0.5) ℃,the residues of DM in tissues including the blood,liver,muscle,skin,gill and bravery at different times were detected by gas chromatography and the drug concentration-time in blood was simulated by pharmacokinetics software and the elimination curve of DM were contructed.[Result] The Cmax of DM in blood reached 75.96 μg/L,the Tmax was 7.05 h and AUC was 1 524.69 (μg · h)/L.The absorption half-life T1/2(ka) was 3.66 h and the elimination half-life T1/2(ke) was 6.73 h.The DM could be accumulated in the tissues but the enrichment capacity of each tissue was different.The concentration levels of DM in tissues from high to low were in the order of gill,plasma,liver,skin,muscle and bravery.The elimination half-lives (T1/2) were 13.75 d (in liver),12.55 d (in muscle),12.55 d(in skin),5.35 d(in gill) and 3.28 d (in bravery),respectively.The concentration levels of DM in plasma,liver and gill tissues decreased significantly after 12 h and all decreased to less than (14.37±11.65) μg/kg after 84 h,which are below the MRT of DM in fish muscle (30 μg/kg).However,it can maintain in low level for longer period,and can be detected in skin,liver,gill and muscle after 768 h (32 d).[Conclusion] The distribution of DM in Megalobrama amblycephala was rapid and the concentrations of DM in gill,plasma and liver were high.Its withdrawal period was long,and can be detected in most tissues after 768 h(32 d).