采用生物显微制片技术,对西藏半干旱区5种抗旱灌木叶片的解剖结构进行了观察,测定了其叶片厚度、上下表皮厚度、角质层厚度、气孔密度、气孔长度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度、叶片组织结构紧密度和主脉维管束直径等10个旱性结构指标,并进行了方差分析和主成分分析,采用隶属函数对种间抗旱性进行了综合评价.结果表明:研究的灌木叶片具有典型的旱生结构,这是植物长期适应高原干旱环境的结果;10个指标在各灌木树种间的差异极显著;筛选出了3项具有代表性的旱性结构指标--叶片厚度、上表皮厚度和气孔长度.5种灌木的抗旱性大小顺序为:砂生槐＞拉萨小檗＞白刺花＞江孜沙棘＞矮锦鸡儿.%The leaf anatomical structures of 5 drought resistance shrubs were observed and measured by using eco anatomical method.The 10 xeromorphic indices including the leaf thickness, the upper and lower epidermis thickness, the cuticle thickness, the stoma density, the stoma length, the palisade tissue thickness, the spongy tissue thickness, CTR and diameter of vascular bundle of the main vein.The variance analysis and principal component analysis were conducted on measured data.The drought resistances between species were evaluated by membership function.The results showed that leaves of the tested shrub species had the structural characters of the xerophytes, which were the results of adaptation to the arid environment of plateau.Ten indices had significant difference between the shrub species at p＜0.01 level,and three typical xeromorphic indices: leaf thickness, upper epidermis thickness, stoma length were selected by principal component analysis.According to the results of subordinate function value analysis, the drought resistance capability of 5 shrubs was in the order of Sophora moorcroftiana ＞Berberis hemsleyana ＞ Sophora viciifolia ＞ Hippophae rhamnodies ＞ Caragana pypmaea.
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