生态脆弱区防护网络构建及分区研究——以磴口县为例

摘要

In the ecologically fragile arid and semi-arid area of Northwest China,land for ecological use is an important guarantee to maintain the security and stability of the regional ecological environment,and it is of great importance to construct the ecological security protection network.In this paper,taking the typical ecologically fragile area,Dengkou County as the study object,based on landscape ecology theory,taking ecological resistance and different energies of ecological sources into account to build MCR/E model,the ecological networks were built.Combined with county location factors,the ecological network points were set to create Thiessen polygons.Dengkou County ecological protective partition was designated by using clustering algorithm.The results showed that the ecological network included 391 ecological sources,47 466 ecological corridors and 677 potential ecological nodes.Thiessen polygons were more evenly distributed,and high density regions were located in the northern and the middle region of Dengkou.Ecological protection partition included a total of five first-grade regions,22 second-grade regions.The classification of firstgrade regions had obvious landscape heterogeneity and the classification of second-grade regions took the interactions within and between the various regions into account to achieve separate management and landscape pattern optimization,in order to ensure ecological stability of Dengkou County.The results of this study would provide a new method for the study of ecological partition,and a guiding significance for the ecological management of arid and semi-arid areas.%在西北干旱半干旱生态脆弱区,生态用地是维持区域生态环境安全稳定的重要保障.以典型生态脆弱区磴口县为研究区,基于景观生态学理论,考虑生态阻力与不同生态源地的能量构建MCR/E模型,构建生态网络,结合县城区位因素,建立生态网络点集,创建泰森多边形,运用聚类算法划定磴口县生态防护分区.结果表明,生态网络共确定了391块生态源地、47 466条生态廊道、677个潜在生态节点;泰森多边形分布较为均匀,密度较大的区域为磴口县北部以及中部附近区域.生态防护分区共包括5个一级区,22个二级区.一级区具有明显的景观异质性,二级区为分开针对管理,考虑各区域内部以及各区域之间直接的相互作用,实现景观格局优化,保证磴口县区域生态稳定.本研究为生态分区研究提供了新的方法,为干旱半干旱区生态管理有着指导意义.