不同基质配方对3种地被植物容器苗生长的影响

摘要

A four-factor and three-level orthogonal experiment was carried out to study the growth responses of three groundcover plants to substrates with different combinations of coconut leaflets,humus,yellow soil and perlite.The results showed 9 substrates significantly improved the physical and chemical characteristics of soil and mostly achieved the ideal cultivation substrates.Abundant nutrients with higher levels of organic matter,total nitrogen and available phosphorus were founded in T5,T3 and T7 container.Effects of cultivated substrate on the growth index and biomass accumulation of three ground cover plants were different significantly,and the aboveground biomass and underground biomass were the highest at T5 container.The comprehensive evaluation results showed that Verbena hybrida,and Euonymus japonicus ‘ microphylla’ grew best in T5 container,and Ophiopogonjaponicus var.nana grew best on T9 and T3 container.Therefore,the ideal substrate for culturing V.hybrida and E.japonicus ‘microphylla’ was 4 cm-length coconut leaflet:humus:yellow soil with a proportion of 1 ∶ 6 ∶ 4;for O.japonicus var.nana,the formula was 4 cm-length coconut leaflets ∶ humus ∶ yellow soil ∶ perlite with a proportion of 1 ∶ 9 ∶ 4 ∶ 3 or 6 cm-length coconut leaflets:humus:yellow soil with a proportion of 1 ∶ 9 ∶ 2.%选择椰丝、腐殖土、园土、珍珠岩为原材料进行4因素、3水平的正交试验,分析用于可移动式垂直绿化的3种地被植物对不同栽培基质的生长响应,确定地被植物最适宜的栽培基质配方.结果表明,9种配方的基质显著改善了种植土壤的理化结构,基本达到理想栽培基质要求,T5、T3和T7具有较高含量的有机质、总氮和速效磷,营养成分最为丰富.栽培基质对3种地被植物的生长指标和生物量积累的影响差异显著,以T5处理下地被植物地上和地下生物量积累最高.综合评价认为T5对美女樱(Verbenahybrida)和小叶卫矛(Euonymus japonicus‘ microphylla’)栽培效果最好,而T9和T3对矮麦冬(Ophiopogon japonicus var.nana)的栽培效果最好.因此,在可移动垂直绿化容器育苗中,美女樱和小叶卫矛最佳基质配方为4 cm椰丝1份、腐殖土6份、园土4份;矮麦冬的最佳基质配方为2 cm椰丝1份、腐殖土9份、园土4份和珍珠岩3份或者6 cm椰丝1份、腐殖土9份、园土2份.