基于GIS,对三江平原蔬菜主产地--佳木斯郊区农业土壤布点进行重金属(Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cr)监测和分析.结果表明:①重金属Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cr质量分数,分别为0.200～0.280、0.029～0.110、13.800～18.500、16.200～27.780、21.650～39.350mg/kg-1,对比三江平原土壤微量元素背景值,均有不同程度累积与升高;②检测结果符合中华人民共和国农业行业标准NY5332-2006<无公害食品大田作物产地环境条件>的标准要求,适合开展无公害与绿色农产品的生产;③通过地统计分析得出5种重金属中,As、Cr、Hg、Cd为中等强度空间自相关,Pb为弱强度空间自相关,基底效应值从大到小顺序为Cd、As、Hg、Cr、Pb.研究区农业土壤重金属的质量分数及空间分布主要受母质、地形地貌、土壤性质等内在因素影响,但外在的因素(如,耕作方式、施肥施药等)影响也不容忽视.%The geographic information system was applied to monitor heavy metals (Cd, Hg, As, Pb and Ct) in vegetable fields in Sanjiang Plain in Jiamusi Suburbs. Results showed that the contents of heavy metals of Cd, Hg, As, Pb and Cr were in the range of 0.20-0.28, 0. 029-0.110 , 13.8-18.5, 16.20-27.78 and 21.65-39.35 mg/kg-1 , respectively. Compared with the background values of soil microelements in Sanjiang Plain, the contents were accumulated and increased in various degrees. The detection results accord with the standards of environmental conditions for crop production in the agricultural industry standard of the People' s Republic of China for pollution-free food( NY5332-2006 ). The contents of heavy metals in the vegetable fields are suitable for the production of non-harmful and green agricultural products. A moderate spatial autocorrelation was observed between Pb, Cr, Hg and Cd by statistic analysis, and the order of basal effect value was Cd, As, Hg, Cr and Pb from high to low. The contents and spatial distribution of heavy metals in the studied vegetation fields were mainly affected by parent material, topography, soil properties and other internal factors, but the effect of external factors should not be ignored, such as farming methods and applications of pesticides and fertilizers.
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