在RS和GIS技术支持下,利用1979、1989、2001、2008年4个不同时期的卫星遥感影像作为信息源,选取斑块总面积、斑块密度、癍块形状指数等指标,对大庆市区近30 a以来城市湖泊湿地景观空间格局的动态变化进行了定量研究,结果表明:近30 a来,研究区域湖泊湿地面积先是增加,后随着城市化进程的加快而逐年急剧下降;1989-2008年,受石油资源开采和快速城市化过程的双重影响,湖泊湿地退化趋势显著;近年来,湖泊湿地景观形状趋向规则,这与自然湖泊被人工水体取代及湿生植被的大量减少有直接关系;研究区域湖泊湿地景观动态变化的驱动力包括自然因素和人为活动干扰因素,人为活动干扰是主要的驱动力;随着石油资源的枯竭,应该加强保护和恢复大庆城市湖泊资源,实现资源型城市的健康转型和可持续发展.%A study on the c:hange in lanDscape struc:ture of lake wetland was conDucted with the support of GIS by using remote sensing data for 1979. 1989. 2001 and 2008 as basic information resource. The selected indexes inc:luded number of patches, total patch area, percent of landscape, mean patch size, patch density and landscape shape. Results showed that,in the past 30 years, the wetland area of the study area increased firstly and then dec:reased obviously year by year with the accelerated process of urbanization. From 1989 to 2008 , the degradation trend of urban-lake wetland was significantly affected hy resource exploitation and rapid urbanization. In recent years, the landscape shape of lake wetland tends to he regular, which is directly related to the fact that the natural lakes have been replaced by artificial hody of water, as well as a significant reduction in the wetland vegetation. The driving forces of the lake wetland landscapes in the study area comprise both the natural and artificial factors. in which the anthropogenic interference factors are dominant. With the exhaustion of oil resources, the lake resources in Daqing should be reinstated and protected to achieve the healthy transition and sustainahle development of a resource-based city.
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