亚布力山涧溪流秋季水生昆虫群落特征及其与环境因子的关系1）

摘要

The experiment was conducted to study the correlation between aquatic insect community characteristics and environ-mental factors in Yabuli Mountain streams by Multidimensional Scaling ( MDS ) , Canonical Correspondence Analysis ( CCA) , Shannon-Wiener diversity index ( H′) , Pielou evenness index ( J) and Margalef species richness index ( d) in autumn.52 species of aquatic insects were collected, belonging to six orders and 23 families.Among them, 27 species were diptera accounting for 51.92%of all species.12 species were trichoptera accounting for 23.08%.Six species were ephemeroptera accounting for 11.54%.Five species were plecoptera accounting for 9.62%.The other two were mega-loptera and coleoptera, respectively, accounting for 1.92%.The predominated species were Tvetenia bavarica, Rheocri-cotopus sp., Psychoda sp., Ephemerella sp., Baetis sp.and Mystrophora inops.The diversity index (H′) was 1.98-3.32, pielou index (J) was 0.63-0.79 and the richness index (d) was 0.90-2.49.By CCA, water temperature, dissolved ox-ygen, chlorine ionic, conductivity and turbidity had great influences on the diversity of aquatic insect communities in the stream.%利用多维排序尺度（ MDS）、典范对应分析（ CCA ）、以及Shannon-Wiener多样性指数（ H′）、Pielou均匀度指数（ J）、Margalef种类丰度指数（ d）等方法，研究了亚布力山涧溪流秋季水生昆虫群落特征及其与环境因子的相关性。共采集水生昆虫52种，录属于6目23科。其中，双翅目27种，占51．92％；毛翅目12种，占23．08％；蜉蝣目6种，占11．54％；襀翅目5种，占9．62％；广翅目和鞘翅目各1种，占1．92％。优势种为巴瓦特维摇蚊（ Tvetenia bavarica）、流环足摇蚊（ Rheocricotopus sp．）、毛蠓（ Psychoda sp．）、小蜉（ Ephemerella sp．）、四节蜉（ Baetis sp．）和Mystrophora inops。 H′为1．98～3．32、J为0．63～0．79、d为0．90～2．49。 CCA结果表明，温度、溶解氧、氯离子、电导率和浊度对溪流中水生昆虫群落物种多样性的影响较大。