大豆主要品质性状资源评价及分子标记分析

摘要

In this study, a total of 92 soybean cultivars or lines from Heilongjiang Province were used to evaluate the seed protein and oil contents in 2011 and 2012. SSR molecular markers were used to analyze genetic relationship of the tested soybean accessions and detect allelic variation associated with the two target traits. The results showed that the protein and oil contents of tested accessions were relative stable in different years. A total of 121 allelic variations were identified in 53 SSR markers. The similarity of accessions was ranged from 12%to 77%indicating that the relationship between these accessions was near. The total samples were divided into two groups by the critical value (44%) for protein content and (20%) for oil content. The allele that Satt564-250 was found to associate with protein content and Satt428-242 was found to associate with oil content. These markers will be useful for germplasm identification of high protein and oil content and for molecular assisted breeding for soybean quality traits.%对黑龙江省92个大豆品种（系）的蛋白质和油分含量进行评价，应用SSR标记分析和发掘与蛋白质及油分含量性状相关联的分子标记。结果表明，黑龙江大豆种质蛋白质和油分含量变异丰富，年际间数据较为稳定；53个SSR标记在92个品种中检测到121个等位变异，品种间相似度范围12%~77%；利用亲缘关系树和蛋白质及油分含量表型分析发现蛋白质含量分界值为44%，油分含量分界值为20%；Satt561-250与蛋白质含量呈显著相关，Satt428-242与油分含量呈显著相关，该分子标记为蛋白质和油分性状的资源筛选和辅助育种提供依据。