宁夏2005-2010年麻疹病例监测分析

摘要

Objective To understand the epidemic feature of measles in Ningxia and to explore the control and elimination of measles in strategy. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Ningxia from 2005 to 2010, laboratory test results, control measures. Surveillance of measles case information from the the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and prevention of measles epidemic surveillance system. Results The report incidence of measles in 2005 was 38. 2/100000 and it was 1. 42/100000 in 2010; the distributio of measles showed seasonal and had a peak from March to June; Babies under one year of age and the crowd 20 years old or above were the major age groups for measles incidence. Conclusion Measles vaccination rate needs to further be improved and the monitoring measures needs to be strengthened for control and elimination of measles.%目的 了解宁夏麻疹流行特征,探讨控制和消除麻疹的策略.方法 对宁夏回族自治区疾病预防控制中心麻疹疫情监测系统上报的2005-2010年麻疹监测病例的流行病学特征、免疫接种及实验室检测情况进行回顾性分析.结果 宁夏麻疹报告发病率由2005年的38.2/10万降至2010年的1.42/10万;麻疹发病呈季节性分布,3～6月份为发病高峰;年龄发病所占比重最大的是1岁以下婴儿和20岁以上人群;2010年8月龄以下儿童所占比重明显增加;2010年8月龄以上无免疫史(包含免疫史不详者)50例,占总病例数的56.82%,其中8月龄～1岁无免疫史13例,占总病例数的14.77%;实验室检测73株麻疹野病毒基因型,72株为H1基因型.结论 宁夏需要进一步通过提高麻疹疫苗接种率,加强麻疹病例监测等措施来加速控制和消除麻疹.