2010-2014年宁夏职业性尘肺新发病例分析

摘要

Objective To summarize the incidence and characteristics of occupational pneumoconiosis from 2010 to 2014 in Ningxia,and to provide the basis for further preventive measures. Methods The report cards were collected from 2010 to 2014 in Ningxia and the data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 11.5. Results From 2010 to 2014 ,670 cases with occupational pneumoconiosis occurred in Ningxia. Of 670 cases,496 cases were stage I,121 cases were stage II and 53 cases were stage III. Cases of occupational pneumoconiosis were mainly distributed in Shizuishan city and Yinchuan city while they were mainly in the age of 35~555 years old and 65 years old and above. The cases dominated in occupational coal workers pneumoconiosis and occupational silicosis. Conclusion Recently,occupational pneumoconiosis occurred mainly in coal workers,so preventive measures should be strengthen in the coal workers exposed to dust.%目的：分析宁夏职业性尘肺病发病规律和特征，为进一步采取防治措施提供依据。方法收集2010-2014年全区职业性尘肺病报告卡，用SPSS 11.5进行统计学分析。结果2010-2014年宁夏全区共发生职业性尘肺病670例。其中I期496例，II期121例，III期53例，病例主要分布于石嘴山市和银川市，分别占全区81.79%和15.22%；年龄主要分布在35岁~、45岁~和65岁~年龄段，分别占全区总病例的39.56%、31.19%和15.52%；主要以职业性煤工尘肺和职业性矽肺为主，分别占全区总病例的66.11%和31.79%；职业性尘肺病主要发生在煤炭行业和冶金行业，分别占全区86.12%和8.8%。结论近年来宁夏新发职业性尘肺病以煤工尘肺为主，故应加强煤炭行业接触粉尘作业工人的个体防护。