柴油机关键件精密成形工艺研究

摘要

In order to improve the mechanical properties of the pump body used for diesel engine by forging instead of casting, precision forming technology was used to realize consistency control of the organization and the performance of the pump body. Firstly, after the analysis of the technology, the forging shape and mode was designed, and the 3D model of the forging was built. According to the processing technology, the mould structure and the processing pathway as well as the pre-prepared blank were designed. After the trial process, the pump forgings were fully filled, the defects were overcome, and the size accuracy met the technical requirements very well, the streamline was continuous, the grain size was achieved to grade 8. In summary, the performance of the pump had been greatly improved by forging. By the process test, the cau-ses and control methods of forming defects were analyzed, the pre-preparation design and key forming parameters were also optimized, which provided valuable basis for determining the final precision forming process.%目的：提高柴油发动机关键件泵体铸改锻后的综合机械性能，采用精密成形技术来实现泵体的组织和性能的一致性控制。方法首先通过工艺分析，设计了锻件的形状及其分模方式，建立了锻件的三维实体模型；再根据其工艺方式，设计了模具结构及工艺路线，并对预制坯形状进行了设计。结果经过工艺试制，泵体锻件充型饱满，缺陷得到克服，尺寸精度达到了技术要求，泵体的流线连续，晶粒度达8级，经铸改锻后性能得到了大幅提升。结论通过工艺实验，分析了成形中缺陷产生的原因和控制方法，优化了预制坯设计以及成形关键工艺参数，为确定最终精密成形工艺提供了依据。