支持社会技术系统构造的程序设计模型和语言

摘要

互联网上越来越多软件系统呈现出社会与技术交融、环境多样和开放、系统动态和演化等特点，如何支持这类复杂软件系统的构造是软件工程面临的一项重要挑战。通过将社会技术系统视为多Agent组织，把社会组织学的概念和思想引入到面向Agent程序设计范畴，提出了以Agent、组织、角色和职位为核心的基于组织程序模型来支持社会技术系统的开发；通过对多Agent组织不同层次动态性的识别和分析，设计了一组程序设计机制来实现社会技术系统的动态演化；包括角色绑定和组合机制、基于角色的交互机制以及组织的自我管理机制。基于上述模型和机制，提出了社会技术系统程序设计语言OragentL，给出了OragentL程序在组织、角色和组合三个层次的语法形式定义，介绍了OragentL的编译器及其运行支撑环境OragentBurg，并通过案例分析和演示展示了研究成果的有效性。%Software systems situated in open environment like the Internet are increasingly characterized as socio technical systems that evolve dynamically various variations and changing requirements.To construct such complex software system has become an open issue in the literature of software engineering.This research takes socio technical systems as multiple agent organizations and presents an organization-based program model ORAP that introduces organization metaphors like organization,agent,role and position to construct complex socio technical systems.A series of programming mechanisms like role binding and composition,role-based interaction and self-management of organization were designed to tackle the dynamics issues of socio technical systems by categorizing the organization dynamics at different organization levels.Furthermore,an organization-based programming language called OragentL for implementing social technical systems were proposed,which involves its syntax formal definition at organization,role and composition levels respectively.The OragentL’s compiler and running environment called OragentBurg were introduced and a sample was studied to illustrate our approach and show its effectiveness.