不同基质对冬青叶鼠刺容器苗生长的影响

摘要

为了比较分析不同基质配比对冬青叶鼠刺容器苗生长的影响,本研究以冬青叶鼠刺一年生苗为试验材料,以土壤、煤灰、珍珠岩、蛭石和锯末为栽培基质,采用混料配比设计27组基质配比进行试验。结果表明：27组基质配比对冬青叶鼠刺容器苗的生长有显著影响,其中含有锯末的基质配比叶片数均小于对照,土壤∶煤灰为40∶60时植株茎长显著高于对照,土壤∶蛭石为40∶60时植株地径显著高于对照。而在容器苗全株鲜重、干重中,土壤∶煤灰为40∶60、土壤∶珍珠岩为70∶30、土壤∶煤灰为70∶30、土壤∶蛭石为70∶30和土壤∶珍珠岩∶蛭石为40∶40∶20与对照相比差异显著,生物量积累表现最佳,其中土壤：蛭石为70∶30时全株鲜重和干重最大,分别为37．5 g和13．2 g。在冬青叶鼠刺容器苗培育时,不适宜选用锯末做栽培基质,可优选基质配比为土壤∶蛭石为70∶30,其次土壤∶煤灰40∶60和70∶30,土壤∶珍珠岩∶蛭石为40∶40∶20。综合植株的根长、茎长、叶片数和根、茎、叶鲜、干重等指标和育苗成本,建议选取一定体积比的土壤和煤灰作为栽培基质。%In order to compare the effects of different substrate ratios on the growth ofcontainer seedlings,one year old seedlings of Itea Ilicifolia was used as test material and soil, coal ash, perlite, vermiculite and sawdust were used as sub-strates. The container seedlings of Itea Ilicifoliawere plantedin 27 substrate mixing groupsof different matrix ratios.The re-sults showed that all 27 substrate groups of different matrix ratios had significant effect on container seedling growth of Itea Ilicifolia.Substrates containing sawdust had less leaf number than the control. Plant stem in the soil:coal ash(40 ∶ 60) mixing was significantly longer than that of control.Plant diameter in the soil ∶ vermiculite(40 ∶ 60)mixing was signifi-cantly larger than that of control.The whole plant fresh weight and dry weight in the mixings of soil ∶ coalash(40 ∶ 60), soil∶ perlite ( 70 ∶ 30) ,soil ∶ coalash( 70 ∶ 30) ,soil ∶ vermiculite( 70 ∶ 30) andsoil ∶ pearlstone ∶ vermiculite( 40 ∶ 40 ∶20)were significantly different from those ofcontrol.Fresh weight and dry weight in the soil ∶ vermiculite(70 ∶ 30) was the maximum, at 37.5 g and 13.2 g,respectively. Sawdust was not suitable as cultivation substrate for the container seedlings. The preferred choice of substrates was soil ∶ vermiculite( 70 ∶ 30) , followed by soil ∶ coal ash ( 40 ∶ 60) and ( 70 ∶ 30) ,soil∶ perlite ∶ vermiculite(40 ∶ 40 ∶ 20).It is recommended that soil and coal ash mixing in certain ratios should be se-lected as cultivation substrate whenconsidering many factors, including the index of plant root length, stem length, leaf number, root, stem and leaf fresh and dry weight, as well as the seedling cost.