Objective To explore the osseointegration of titanium dental implants with different neck structure.Methods Four groups of titanium dental implants with different neck structures were established,specifically,Uniform thread implant (UT),Wide neck implant (WN),Implant with single-microthreaded neck (SMN),and Implant with double-microthreaded neck (DMN).With the implants,the model was made in the femur of the rabbits.In different postoperative stages,X-ray and removal torque measurement were used to analyze the characteristics of the interface of the implant and the bone in different groups.Results X-ray observation results:at week 12 postoperatively,high-density radiopaque image was observed in all four groups.No linear transmittance was observed in the interface of the implants and the bone,with fairly similar density to the bones around.No obvious bone absorption was shown around the implant neck.The removal torque results:at week 4,it was 0.17±0.01 N·m,0.15±0.01 N·m,0.20±0.01 N·m,and 0.20±0.01 N·m in groups of UT,WN,SMN,and DMN respectively.At week 8,in the four groups above,the results were 0.20±0.01N·m,0.18±0.01N·m,0.24±0.01 N·m,and 0.24±0.01 N·m respectively.At week 12,they were 0.28±0.01 N·m,0.26±0.01N·m,0.32±0.01,and 0.32±0.01 respectively.At weeks of 4,8,and 12,there was no obvious difference between SMN and DMN for the removal torque,but both higher than that of UT and WN,with the latter the lowest.All the difference was of statistical significance.The tendency of the removal torque change was generally the same in all four groups,with week 8's results higher than those in week 4,and week 12's obviously getting to the peak.Conclusion The titanium dental implant with the same type of structure in the neck (micro thread) with the body (main thread) has better osseointegration than the uniform thread implant and wide neck implant.%目的 探讨不同颈部结构钛人工牙种植体的骨结合性能.方法 构建四种不同颈部结构钛种植体(均衡螺纹组、宽颈组、颈部单头微螺纹组、颈部双头微螺纹组),建立兔股骨种植体动物模型,采用X-ray平片观察、旋出扭矩测试,分析术后不同阶段各组种植体-骨组织的界面特点.结果 X-ray平片观察种植体植入术后12周时,各组种植体均呈高密度阻射影像;各种植体周围界面无透射线性影像,与周围骨的骨密度比较相似;各种植体颈部周围未见明显骨吸收影像.旋出扭矩结果,在4周时UT组0.17±0.01 N·m,WN组0.15±0.01 N·m,SMN组0.20±0.01 N·m,DMN组0.20±0.01 N·m;在8周时UT组0.20±0.01N·m,WN组0.18±0.01N·m,SMN组0.24±0.01 N·m,DMN组0.24±0.01N·m;在12周时UT组0.28±0.01 N·m,WN组0.26±0.01 N·m,SMN组0.32±0.01N·m,DMN组0.32±0.01 N·m;在4、8、12周时,SMN组与DMN组旋出扭矩值无明显差别,均高于UT组、WN组的旋出扭矩值;WN组最低.各差异具有统计学意义.各组扭矩值变化趋势大体一致,植入后8周时较4周有所升高,12周时升高明显达到峰值.结论 钛牙种植体颈部采用与主螺纹相同形态的微螺纹较均衡螺纹及光滑宽颈结构具有更好的骨结合性能.
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