MicroRNAs在乳腺癌干细胞中的作用研究进展

摘要

乳腺癌干细胞（ breast cancer stem cells，BCSCs）是导致乳腺癌发生、转移、耐药、复发等的重要原因。MicroRNAs（miRNAs）是近年来发现的一种非编码小分子RNA，可通过与靶标基因的3'-非翻译区（3'-UTR）的完全或不完全配对，抑制靶标基因的翻译或降解靶标基因，从而发挥多种生物学功能。miRNAs在BCSCs中的异常表达可调控 BCSCs的自我更新、抗凋亡、上皮间质转化（ epithelial-mesenchymal transition， EMT）等生物学行为，从而促进乳腺癌的复发、转移。以miRNAs为研究靶点，为乳腺癌的诊断、预后及治疗提供了全新的思路。本文就近年来该方面的研究进展简要综述。%Breast cancer stem cells plays significant roles in tumor formation,metastasis,resistance to anticancer therapies and cancer relapse. miRNAs are conserved small non-coding RNAs which can bind to the seed sequence within 3'-UTR of target mRNAs,leading to destabilization or translational suppression of the target mRNAs. There-fore,they control the self-renewal,apopotosis and EMT of BCSCs and lead to the relapse and metastasis of breast cancer. Studies targeting on miRNAs suggest a novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for breast carcinoma. This re-view summarizes the recent progression on the research field of miRNAs of BCSCs.