Objective To investigate the status of Human Rotavirus infection in infants with diarrhea in gaunlan district,and analysis the characteristic of Human Rotavirus(HRV) infection,and provide the credible evidence to the clinic diagnosis and the treatment and the prevention. Methods January 2009～December 2010 to hospital outpatient and inpatient censorship of infant diarrhea stool specimens were 2 179 cases,1 265 cases were male, female 914 cases,<7 months,254 cases,7 to 12 months 886 cases,1 to 3 years 692 cases,215 cases of 3 to 5 years old,5 to 10 years 132 cases. The use of colloidal gold on the stool specimens collected HRV antigen detection,and the results of each group χ2 test statistical analysis. Rusults In 2 179 cases of infant diarrhea specimens, the human group A rotavirus positive rate was 30. 98% (675/2 179) imales 32. 33% (409/1 265) and female 29.10% (266/914). Between the sexes positive rate difference was not statistically significant (χ2= 0. 89,P>0. 05) and between different age groups,six months old to 1 year-old the highest infection rate among infants and young children (45. 4%),significantly higher than other age groups. With 6 months of age groups,age groups 1 to 3,3 to 5 age group,prevalence of 5 to 10 age group (12. 2%,29. 6%,9.1% and 11. 6%) compared to a statistically significant difference ( χ2 =29. 3, P<0.01) ,1 to 3 age group infection in infants (29. 6%) than in addition to six months old to 1 year-old group,the other age groups (χ2 = 17. 5,P<0.05),in addition to six months old to 3 years old other than age groups no significant differences between the infection rate (χ2 = 1. 47, P>0. 05). The seasonal distribution of infection in the fourth quarter of HRV infection (43. 8%) was significantly higher than the first,second and third quarter infection rate (18. 3%, 10. 7% and 13. 2%) and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =24. 2, P<0. 01). The first quarter of HRV infection (18. 3%) than in the first and second quarter of HRV infection, difference was statistically significant (χ2 =7.16, P< 0. 05). Conclusion Every year's the fourth season is the human A Rotavirus infection popular season, High-risk human group in 7 months to 1 year-old babies and infants. Strengthens examination of Human A Rotavirus in the diarrhea infants stool,to the clinical early diagnosis,the immediate cure and the prevention complication has the important meaning.%目的 主要了解宝安地区婴幼儿腹泻大便中人美轮状病毒(HRV)感染情况,分析其发病特征,为临床诊断和治疗及预防提供可靠的依据.方法 采集2009年1月～2010年12月医院门诊和住院部送检的腹泻婴幼儿大便标本共2179例(＜7个月254例,7～12个月886例,1～3岁692例,3～5岁215例,5～10岁132例),其中男性1 265例,女性914例.采用胶体金法对所收集的大便标本进行HRV抗原检测,并对各组结果进行x2检验统计分析.结果 在2179例腹泻婴幼儿标本中,人类A群轮状病毒感染总阳性率为30.98％(675/2 179)；其中男性32.33％(409/1 265),女性29.10％(266/914),性别之间阳性率差异无统计学意义(x2=0.89,P＞0.05)；不同年龄组之间,半岁～1岁之间的婴幼儿感染率最高(45.4％),明显高于其他年龄组,与6个月以下组、1～3岁组、3～5岁组和5～10岁组感染率(12.2％,29.6％,9.1％和11.6％)相比,差异有统计学意义(x2=29.3,P＜0.01),1岁～3岁组的婴幼儿感染率(29.6％)高于除了半岁～1岁组外的其他年龄组(x2=17.5,P＜0.05),除了半岁～3岁外的其他年龄组之间感染率差异无统计学意义(x2=1.47,P＞0.05)；感染的季节性分布特征是第四季度HRV感染率(43.8％)明显高于第一、二、三季度感染率(18.3％,10.7％和13.2％),差异有统计学意义(x2 =24.2,P＜0.01),第一季度HRV感染率(18.3％)高于第二、三季度HRV感染率,差异有统计学意义(x2=7.16,P＜0.05).结论 每年的第四季度是人类A群轮状病毒曝发流行季节,高发人群主要集中在7个月～1岁大小的婴幼儿.加强腹泻婴幼儿大便中人类轮状病毒常规检测,对临床早诊断、早治疗和预防并发症有着重要意义.
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