北虫草栽培残基中主要活性物质含量分析及评价

摘要

对北虫草栽培残基中蛋白质、虫草素等主要营养及活性物质含量分析, 为其资源化合理利用研究提供参考.采用反相高效液相色谱法测定氨基酸含量, 半微量凯氏定氮法测定粗蛋白, 稀酸碱处理法测定粗纤维含量, 旋光度法测量淀粉含量, 电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定矿质元素钙及磷含量, 苯酚硫酸法测定多糖的含量, 高效液相色谱法测定虫草素.结果显示, 北虫草栽培残基中主要营养成分氨基酸、粗蛋白、粗纤维、淀粉、含量检测分别为8.17％、18.4％、4.9％、43.1％;矿质元素钙及磷含量分别为0.09％、0.46％;主要活性成分虫草多糖含量可达4.8％, 与子座含量 (5.1％) 相当;虫草素含量0.318％, 显著高于子座 (0.166％) 中虫草素含量.结果表明, 北虫草栽培残基中除富含蛋白质、氨基酸、淀粉等营养物质外, 还含有虫草素、虫草多糖等北虫草特有的活性物质, 具有较大营养价值.北虫草栽培残基综合利用资源化研究应用前景广阔.%Content of protein, cordycepin, and other main nutrition components as well as active substances in remnant medium for culturing Cordyceps militaris was analyzed in order to provide references for its reasonable utilization study on its resourcification.RP-HPLC (reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography) was adopted to test the content of amino acids, semi-micro Kjeldahl nitrogen determination method to test the content of crude protein, diluted acid-base treating method to test the content of crude cellulose, polarimetric method to test the content of starch, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry to test the content of mineral elements of calcium, phosphorus, phenol sulfuric acid method to test the content of polysaccharide, and HPLC to test the content of cordycepin.The results showed that in remnant medium of C.militaris the main nutrition components, amino acids, crude protein, crude cellulose, and stretch, were 8.17％, 18.4％, 4.9％, 43.1％respectively;mineral elements of calcium and phosphorus were 0.09％, 0.46％ respectively, and main active substance of cordyceps polysaccharide was at 4.8％, about the same as that of content in stroma (5.1％), and content of cordycepin was 0.318％, significantly higher than that of the content in stroma (0.166％). The results suggested that the content except for nutrition substance of protein, amino acids, starch etc in the remnant medium of C.militaris, there were still cordycepin, cordyceps polysaccharide and other active substances peculiar to C.militaris and possessing nutrition values, therefore, comprehensive utilization of remnant medium of C.militaris has a broad application prospect on resourcification study.