重症监护病房常见非发酵菌分布及耐药性分析

摘要

In order to guide the use of antibiotics clinically, the distribution and antibiotics resistance of non-ferment bacteria (NFB) in intensive care unit (ICU) was analyzed.The NFB isolated from sputum specimens of patients in ICU from 2009 to 2010 were recalled and analyzed, the results of examination ratio and drug-resistance were analyzed statistically, and showed that a total of 96 strains of NFB were isolated, with isolation rate of 19.79％, The first four dominant strains were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (46.88％), Acinetobacter baumannii (21.88％), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ( 15.63％ ), and Burkholderia cepacia ( 10.42％ ).High drug resistance to common antibiotics, excluding from β-lactamase inhibitor compound, for instance, cefoporazone / sulbactam, was revealed in the four species of NFB.Therefore, NFB isolated from hospitalized patients in ICU showed higher isolation rate and multidrug resistance.For these reasons pathogenic bacteria identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test should be strengthened to instruct antibiotics properly in clinic according to drug sensitivity tests.%分析医院重症监护病房非发酵菌感染的耐药情况,以指导临床合理使用抗菌药物.回顾性分析2009～2010年医院自重症监护病房分离的非发酵菌,对其检出率及药敏结果进行统计分析.共检出96株非发酵菌,检出率为19.79%,分离率居前4位的依次为铜绿假单胞菌(46.88%)、鲍氏不动杆菌(21.88%)、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(15.63%)、洋葱伯克霍尔德菌(10.42%);4种常见的非发酵菌对常用的抗菌药物耐药性均较高,头孢哌酮/舒巴坦等含酶抑制剂的复合型抗菌药物对非发酵菌有较高的敏感性.医院重症监护病房非发酵菌检出率高且耐药性强,应加强临床细菌学的检测,按照药敏试验结果合理用药.