秦与西汉前期，国家权力凌驾于社会势力之上，基层小吏的选用不受地方社会势力的左右，国家通过以法治吏，使其成为基层行政的忠实执行者。西汉中期以后，随着社会势力的发展，基层小吏的选用由豪强大族所操纵，他们的行政很大程度上为豪强大姓左右，其功能随之发生了变化。通过这一问题的考察，我们可以更好地把握秦汉基层社会秩序的历史变迁，也可以加深对该时期国家权力与社会势力互动的理解。%At earlier stage of Qin and West Han Dynasty, the state power outmatched social forces, so the recommendation of basic petty officials was not controlled by local social forces. Consequently, the state managed the officials according to the law and made them become loyal executors of basic administration. After mid - West Han Dynasty, with the development of social forces, the recommendation and administration of basic petty officials was gready manipulated by despots and aristocratic families, thus the function changed therewith. Through the investigation of this question, we can better grasp the historical change of the basic social order of Qin and Han Dynasty and have a deeper understanding of the interaction of state power and social forces at that time.
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