用NOAA延长重构的月平均海表温度以及NCEP/NCAR提供的比湿、风场、温度场资料和中国160站的月平均气温、降水资料,利用相关分析及合成分析的方法,研究了秋季热带中太平洋SST异常型的变化特征及其与冬季中国降水和气温的关系.结果表明:(1)秋季热带中太平洋SST异常型具有准10 a周期.(2)当秋季热带中太平洋SST为正异常时,12月份东亚大槽加深,贝加尔湖及其西侧的高压脊加强,有利于来自高纬度的冷空气向中国北方及东部地区输送,850 hPa水汽在江苏及安徽北部、山东南部、河南中部等地存在辐合,使得上述地区降水偏多,反之亦然.(3)当秋季热带中太平洋发生SST正异常时,12月份吉林、辽宁、内蒙古东部及河北气温升高,反之亦然.%Based on the monthly NOAA extended and reconstructed sea surface temperature, specific humidity, wind, temperature provided by NCEP/NCAR and the precipitation, temperature data of 160 stations in China provided by National Climate Center, relation of autumn central equatorial Pacific SSTA pattern and winter precipitation and temperature in China is explored in this paper by use of methods of correlation analysis and composite analysis. The results are shown as follows: ( 1 ) The index of autumn central equatorial Pacific SST has a quasi-10-yr periodic oscillation. (2) When the SSTA of central equatorial Pacific ocean is positive in autumn, East Asian trough deepened, the high pressure ridge aroung Lake Baikal strengthened, Which contributed to the cold air deliveried from high latitudes to the north and east of China, low -level moisture converged in the north of Jiangsu., Anhui, the south of Shandong and the middle of Henan, leading to more precipitation happens over the above areas in December, andrnvice versa. (3) When the autumn central pacific ocean SSTA is positive, air temperature increased in Ji-lin, Liaoning Province and central Inner Mongolian in December, and vice versa.
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