目的 分析与研究糖尿病患者住院的现状及趋势,探讨糖尿病的防控措施.方法 对2007年9月1日～2012年8月31日入住笔者医院的12176例糖尿病患者资料进行回顾性调查分析.结果 糖尿病住院患者逐年增长,入院原因由高到低分别为血糖控制不良、微血管并发症、脑血管并发症、心血管并发症及各种感染；5年中因急性代谢紊乱入院者有下降趋势,因微血管并发症入院者有上升趋势.住院糖尿病患者随年龄增长而增加,男女性别比1∶0.79,男性于30岁后住院占比逐渐增加,女性于20～30岁及50岁后占比增加.住院患者中2型糖尿病占93.50％,1型糖尿病占2.70％、妊娠期糖尿病占3.74％、特殊类型糖尿病占0.62％.5年合计内分泌专科收治病人占所有糖尿病住院人数的40.37％.糖尿病并发微血管并发症33.79％,心脑血管并发症30.5％,急性代谢紊乱11.08％,伴随高血压57.4％,脂代谢紊乱31.6％,感染32.28％、肿瘤5.83％.人均次住院费用合并急慢性并发症及感染者较无并发症者费用增加.结论 笔者医院糖尿病住院患者逐年增加,以中老年人为主,男女分布各有特点,非内分泌专科住院率较高,并发症及合并症是入院的主要原因及住院费用增加的主要因素.根据不同年龄、性别制定有针对性的防治方案,及早发现、及早治疗,加强综合治疗及非专科医师糖尿病知识的培训是糖尿病防治的关键.%Objective To understand of the status and trends of hospitalized diabetes patients and to explore diabetes prevention and control measures.Methods A retrospective analysis of 12176 cases of diabetes from 2007.9.1 to 2012.8.31 was performed in our Hospital.Results The number of patients with diabetes greow year by year.The reasons for hospitalization from high to low were:poor glycemic control,microvascular complications,cerebrovascular complications,cardiovascular complications,and various infections.There was a decrease trend in the number of diabetes patients admitted with acute metabolism disorder.The number of patients with microvascular complications on the contrary increased in 5 years.The number of hospitalized patients diabetes greow with ages.The ratio of male to female was 1 ∶ 0.79.There was a gradual increase of the proportion of male patients hospitalized who were older than 30-years-old.The proportion of female patients women increased in the 20-30 year-old patients and older than 50-year-old patients.The proportion of hospitalized patients was 93.50％ type 2 diabetes,2.70％ for type 1 diabetes,3.74％ for gestational diabetes and 0.62％ for the special types of diabetes.The Total number of the endocrine specialist admitted patients accounted for 40.37％ of all diabetes hospitalizations in 5 years.The ratio of diabetes with microvascular complications was 33.79％.The ratio of diabetes with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications was 30.5％,the acute metabolic disorders 11.08％,hypertension 57.4％,lipid metabolism disorders 31.6％,infection 32.28％,tumor 5.83％.Per capita hospitalization costs of diabetes combined with acute and chronic complications and infection was more than those without complications.Conclusion The number of diabetic patients in my area increased year by year,mainly in the elderly,men and women,different genders have their own distribution characteristics.Non-endocrine specialist department also has a high hospitalization rates.Complications and diabetes combined with other diseases are the major factors of hospital admissions and high hospitalization costs.Developing targeted prevention programs according to the age,gender,early detection,early treatment,strengthening the comprehensive treatment and the training of non-specialized in diabetes doctors are the key to diabetes prevention and treatment.
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