目的 研究眼钝挫伤的损伤机制的实验动物模中多以重力为主要致伤因素,文中以高速枪弹击伤制作兔眼眼前节动物损伤模型,探讨高速枪弹钝挫伤损伤机制. 方法 实验组12只新西兰兔用汽步枪以90m/s的速度射发TB弹(平均质量0.20122g)击中左眼角膜中央区,对照组2只新西兰兔不致伤（单眼处理）.裂隙灯下观察伤后3h、6h、1d、3d、7d、14d6个时相点眼前节组织的病理改变. 结果 致伤后球结膜水肿逐渐加重,第3天开始缓解；角膜损伤严重,雾状混浊2周后才稍有好转,同时,周边可见大量新生血管长入；前房可见大量新鲜出血,实验结束时仍未吸收；瞳孔呈外伤性散大,10只实验兔眼出现不可逆的瞳孔变形；晶体浑浊. 结论 高速枪弹钝挫伤可对眼前节造成严重的损伤.%Objective Most researchers study the mechanism of contusion injury by building animal trial models, particularly the gravity-injury animal model. Clinical samples show that the gravity of projection is not the most critical factor of injury. Thus, we built an animal model of high-speed bullet injury in rabbits to observe the damage and changes in the anterior segment and investigate the mechanism of high-speed contusion injury. Methods A total of 14 eyes of 14 healthy New Zealand rabbits weighing 2.0 - 3.0 kg were included in this study. Contusion injury was inflicted upon 12 left eyes of the rabbits with plastic bullets (mean weight 0.20122 g) from an air rifle at a speed of 90 m/s. The other 2 of the control group were not injured and received unilateral treatment. Pathological changes in the anterior segment were observed under the slit-lamp at 3h,6h, 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, and 14 d after the injury. Results Gradual deterioration of bulbar conjunctiva edema was observed after the injury, and alleviation began at 3 d. The corneal was damaged seriously and improved slightly only at 14 d, with obvious peripheral neovascularization at the same time. Massive fresh blooding occurred in the anterior, which was not completely absorbed by the end of study. Trauma-induced pupil dilation and lens opacity were observed, and irreversible discoria developed in 10 eyes. Conclusion High-speed gunshot may inflict severe damage upon the anterior segment of eyes.
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