真菌生物膜的研究进展

摘要

In recent years , fungal biofilms related infection have become an increasingly important clinical problem .Many clinically important fungi can form biofilms , including:Candida albicans , Cryptococcus neoformans , Rhodotorula species , Aspergillus fumigatus, Malassezia pachydermatis, Histoplasma capsulatum.Many chronic persistent infections are associated with the fungal bio-film formation.The developmental phases of fungal biofilms are complicated , including adhesion, colonisation, maturation and dispers-al, which are governed by many genes .This review discusses clinical impact of biofilm formation of the common human pathogenic fun -gi, biofilm structure and the molecular mechanisms during the biofilm formation process .%近年来，真菌生物膜引起的相关感染已经成为一个重要的临床问题。研究发现多种真菌均能形成生物膜，如白念珠菌、新生隐球菌、红酵母、烟曲霉、厚皮马拉色菌、荚膜组织胞浆菌等。许多慢性持续性感染与真菌生物膜形成有关。真菌生物膜形成过程复杂，包括黏附、繁殖、成熟和扩散等生长阶段，并且这一过程受多个基因调控。文中从常见人类致病真菌生物膜形成对临床的影响，生物膜的结构及形成过程中的分子机制等方面进行综述。