Cryosurgery is the earliest thermal ablation method applied in clinic, and the cryoablation appeared as the option for renal cell carcinoma treatment untill 1968. In 1961. Cooper et al invented the first cryotherapy machine, which used liquid nitrogen as the refrigerant agent, then a variety of various kinds of tumors were cured in this way. However, the ablation lesion can't be actually designed for the lack of adequate intraoperative monitoring modality. Therefore. local recurrence and mild complications occurred inevitably. Currently. MR-compatible Argon-helium refrigeration instrument has played an important role in dealing with malignancies. This review retrospectively analyzed the principle and clinical application of MRI-guided cryoablation of renal cell carcinoma.%冷冻外科手术是最早应用于临床的温度治疗技术,冷冻消融治疗肾肿瘤最早始于1968年.自1961年第一台冷冻治疗设备问世.最初以液氮作为冷媒剂,越来越多不同部位的肿瘤应用冷冻消融技术得以治疗.然而,冷冻术中由于缺乏精确的导引方式,不能精确、完整地显示深部肾实质的损伤,这就不可避免地造成了消融不完全导致的局部复发及并发症的形成.近年来.MR兼容性氩氦冷冻装置已经应用于临床治疗恶性肿瘤.本文旨在对MRI导引下经皮肾肿瘤冷冻消融术的原理、临床应用进行回顾性分析.
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