Since 1999, the designation for mathematical questions in China’s college entrance examination has put “ability proposition”as the guiding ideology and basic principles. Here“ability proposition”, that is, first of all to determine the purpose of the capability examination in the test, and then based on requirements of the capability examination to chose the proper examination content and design appropriate way for question. Ability proposition has a significant effect, which has a positive significance for pay attention to the ability during Mathematics teaching procession in Middle School. However, ability proposition has some problems or deficiencies: (1) Increasing the burden of the majority of students to learn mathematics; (2) weakening teaching and learning for Mathematical elementary knowledge; (3) boosting “the sea tactics”; (4) not conducive to embody the fair of the entrance. To solve these problems and lacks, we propose the following countermeasures: (1) the designation for mathematical questions in entrance examination should insist on paying equal attention to the “knowledge proposition” and “ability proposition”; (2) the preparation of the College Entrance Examination should be based on the textbook;(3) learning from the experience of foreign mathematical examination propositions.%从1999年起，中国高考数学命题就把“能力立意”作为命题的指导思想和基本原则。“能力立意”命题具有显著效果，对中学数学教学重视培养学生的能力具有积极意义。但“能力立意”也存在一些问题或不足：（1）加重多数学生学习数学的负担；（2）削弱数学基础知识的教与学；（3）助推“题海战术”；（4）不利于体现高考的公平性。针对这些问题或不足，提出如下对策：（1）高考数学命题应坚持“知识立意”与“能力立意”并重的原则；（2）高考试题的编拟应立足于教材；（3）借鉴国外考试的数学命题经验。
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