“海上丝绸之路”的外销瓷——磁灶童子山窑的产品及其工艺

摘要

The marine silk route has been also known as ＂Spice-china Route＂ or ＂Silk-china Route＂, and so, study on Quanzhou export porcelain is the emphasis in the area of o- verseas trade history. Tongzishan kiln of Cizao is one of the most important kilns which produced export porcelain in Quanzhou, and its products are of the characteristics of the times during Tang and Song dynasty. Judged by the firing time of Cizao klin and porce- lain unearthed in other places, Tongzishan kiln has a long firing time, which started to produce porcelain during Tang and Wudai dynasty, and boomed in Song and Yuan dy- nasty. The main production of Tongzishan kiln is the porcelain decorated with coloured drawings under glaze, which is rich in design, fluent in writing, lively in content, and mature in technique. So to speak, it has laid a good foundation for the blue and white porcelain.%海上丝绸之路又被称为“丝瓷之路”、“陶瓷之路”，所以泉州的外销瓷历来就是海外交通贸易史等方面研究的重点对象，而泉州磁灶童子山窑就是泉州外销瓷最重要的窑口之一。该窑产品具有唐宋早期的时代特点，结合磁灶窑的烧制时间及各地方出土的器物等各方面情况来判断，可知该窑延烧时间长，从唐五代始烧，而盛行于宋元时期。童子山窑主要生产的就是釉下彩绘器，它的釉下彩绘图案丰富多样，笔法线条流畅，内容富有生活气息，技法已非常成熟，为后世青花瓷的出现奠定了良好的技术基础。