In order to explore the optimal mechanisms and influencing factors. This paper constructs a two-stage dynamic duopoly model at the micro level of firm to discuss four R&D cooperation mechanisms under knowledge spillover effect. The impacts of technology complementarity and product substitutability on innovation are further explored using comparative statics analysis. It is found that under Cournot competition, it is optimal for firms to cooperate in both R&D input and output. When the spillover effect and R&D cost are sufficiently large, cooperation only in R&D output is the worst mechanism, and the innovation under any cooperation mechanism is insufficient compared to the social optimal level. When the discouraging effect of technology complementarity on knowledge spillover dominates its encouraging effect on R&D efficiency, firms should choose cooperating partners with low technology complementarity. Otherwise, firms should choose cooperating partners with either sufficiently low or sufficiently high technology complementarity. Product substitutability of cooperating firms always discourages innovation.%为探究研发合作的最优机制和影响因素,从企业微观层面构建两阶段双寡头动态博弈模型,比较知识溢出效应下4种企业研发合作方式,并通过比较静态分析方法研究技术互补性和产品可替代性对创新的影响.研究结果表明,在古诺竞争下,同时在研发投入和产出上进行合作是最佳合作机制;当溢出效应和研发成本足够高时,仅在研发产出上合作是最差合作机制,而且各种研发合作机制产生的成果都小于社会最优水平.当技术互补性对知识溢出的抑制作用大于对研发的促进作用时,企业应当选择技术互补性小的企业进行研发合作,否则应当选择技术互补性尽可能小或尽可能大的企业进行研发合作,合作企业产品可替代性总会抑制创新.
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