手动变速箱油摩擦特性试验方法研究

摘要

In order to evaluate the adaptability of the manual transmission gearbox oil and the gearbox, the test method for the friction characteristics of the manual transmission oil was studied. Based on the custom⁃built WS2001 gearbox synchronizer test bench, the test bench, test parts, testing flow, evaluation standards and standard test conditions were designed. The friction characteristics for four kinds of oils, including heavy⁃load gear oil GL-5 75W/90, heavy⁃load multiple⁃effect gear oil 75W/90, engine oil CF-4 15W/40 and base oil Y-6 also were tested on the bench. The experimental results indicate that the WS2001 synchronous test bench could simulate the operating condition of the transmission. On the standard test conditions, which the spindle speed was 1 050 r/min, the input shaft speed was 200 r/min, the shift force was 900 N and the temperature was 90℃, the results have a good repeatability, which was 6.278%and also have a good distinction. The established method can be used to evaluate the friction characteristics of the manual transmission oils.%为了评定手动变速箱油与变速箱同步器的适应性，对手动变速箱油摩擦特性的试验方法进行了研究。基于自行研制的WS2001变速箱同步器台架，制定了试验方法中的试验台架、试验部件、试验流程、评定指标和标准工况条件。在标准工况对重负荷齿轮油GL-575W/90、重负荷多效齿轮油75W/90、柴油机油CF-415W/40和基础油Y-6进行了台架试验，结果表明：试验台架能真实模拟变速箱同步器运行工况，在选取的标准工况主轴转速1050 r/min，输入轴转速200 r/min，换挡力900 N，油温90℃条件下，评定结果的重复性误差为6.278%，同时具有较好的区分性，所建立的试验方法能评定手动变速箱油的摩擦特性。