农村社会养老保险政策实施公平性有效性及可持续性评估——兼论新型农村社会养老保险的改革与发展战略

摘要

为国民（特别是农村人口）建立社会养老保险制度,不仅是一个国家经济社会发展的体现,也是一个国家社会文明和社会和谐的标准。国家对农村社会养老保险进行了积极探索,从老农保到新农保,走过了太多的坎坷与崎岖历程。新农保的理念较为清晰,以公平为指向,但在试点具体实施中存在强制或捆绑参保缴费,损害了制度的公平性,制度的有效性仍然不足,制度的可持续性依然不明晰。新农保应该适时调整政策,并通过相关改革与战略性发展措施,切实提高制度的公平性、有效性和可持续性。%Building the social endowment insurance system for citizens（especially for the rural population） is not only the manifestation of national economic and social development,but also a standard of the social civilization and harmony.The country has explored the rural social endowment insurance positively and has gone through too much rough and rugged journey from the old rural social endowment insurance to the new rural social endowment insurance.The new rural social endowment insurance maintained a relatively clear concept and pointed to fairness.However,the forced or bundled participation and payment existed in the pilot implementation and it damaged the system fairness;the system＇s effectiveness is still insufficient and the system＇s sustainability remains unclear.The policies of new rural endowment insurance should be timely adjusted and the system＇s fairness,effectiveness and sustainability should be effectively improved through the relative reform and strategic development measures.