中世纪西欧城市发展中的基督教因素分析

摘要

中世纪西欧基督教与城市之间有着密切的关系，中世纪基督教的主要活动都是在城市中进行的，是基督教促成了中世纪西欧城市的复兴。城市中行会组织的起源也有一部分的基督教教因素，而9-14世纪的教俗之争给城市提供了发展的空间。但中世纪的反基督教、反教廷教会的异端运动也主要以城市为中心，并最终酝酿成为席卷整个西欧的宗教改革，促进了西欧向近代资本主义的转型。%In The Middle Ages, the city’s development and Christianity had a close relationship, and the main activities and Christian believers were in the city. Christianity contributed to the revival of the medieval western European cities. Guild is also having part of the religious factors, and the 9th to 14th century conflict between popes and secular powers spaced for urban development. But the heresy movements were mainly launched by the city as the center in The Middle Ages, and finally became Western Europe’s religious reform, accelerating the transformation to the modern capitalism in Western Europe.