基于双源蒸散和混合产流的分布式水文模型构建及应用——以辽河老哈河流域为例

摘要

The Laoha River catchment, Liaohe River Basin in the semi-arid region of northern China is selected for study. The interception evaporation,canopy transpiration and soil evaporation are computed by a physically-based two-source potential evapotranspiration model in each grid cell of the basin. The calculated potential evapotranspiration is regarded as the input of the hybrid runoff model instead of the pan evaporation. Then the grid-basod distributed hydrologic model is built for daily runoff simulation during 1970 - 1979 in the target basin by coupling the two-source PET model in the hybrid runoff model framework. The results show that the two-source PET model can reflect the effects of vegetation type, vegetation physiological features and phonological characteristics on the evapotranspiration. And the grid-based distributed hydrologic model which can illuminate the role of runoff generation and runoff muting is applicable for runoff simulation in the target basin.%以北方半干旱地区的辽河老哈河流域为研究对象,采用网格离散化方法进行水文模拟单元划分,利用具有物理基础的双源蒸散发能力估算模型,计算每个栅格单元的截留蒸发、植被蒸腾能力和土壤蒸发能力,并取代蒸发皿资料作为混合产流模型的蒸散发能力输入,从而构建摹于双源蒸散与混合产流的分布式水文模型,并对老哈河流域1970-1979年的日径流过程进行模拟分析,结果表明双源蒸散发能力计算模型能够考虑植被类型及其生理、物候特性对蒸散发能力的影响.将其与混合产流模型进行嵌套构建的分布式水文模型能较合理地揭示研究区域的产汇流规律,适用于该地区的水文过程模拟.