语言与世界是一一对应的？--基于“事实”与“命题”关系的一种考察

摘要

The relationship between language (or thinking)and the world is Wittgenstein′s main thought during the process of Tracta-tus.He considers that there are some disadvantages of natural language,and so,the logic structure of the world and proposition is nee-ded to be analyzed,and that the usage of clear language must conform to the logical structure is emphasized,so that the disadvantages of the language can be gotten rid of.And that some researchers make the conclusion that "the language is one-to-one correspondence with the world",but this is easily misunderstanding.In fact,one-to-one correspondence from the language to the world is a demand for clear language and is set for the resolution of metaphysics.%语言与世界（思维与世界）的关系问题是维特根斯坦在《逻辑哲学论》时期思考的主要问题。他认为，自然语言存在一定的缺陷，要求对世界和命题的逻辑结构进行分析，并规定清晰的语言必须符合这一逻辑结构，从而脱离这种缺陷。而这一规定使研究者们得出“语言与世界一一对应”的结论，但这一结论是容易引起误解的。事实上，“语言与世界一一对应”只是一种要求，一种对清晰语言的要求，是为了解决传统形而上学的问题而设定的。