Objective To evaluate the AChE and nAChR in the NMJ and the morphology of the muscle in the bilateral triceps surae after the unilateral shock wave therapy. Method 60 male New Zealand rabbits weighing (2± 0.2) Kg were used in this study. Two thousand shock waves at an energy flux density of 1.5bar and the frequency of 10Hz were applied to their left calf muscles. Divided into six groups, both sides of the triceps muscle of calf were taken out on the day of the shock wave and the1,2,4,6 and 8 weeks after the treatment. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of muscle tissue and the average optical density was measured after AChE stain so as to calculate the receptor count after Acetylcholine receptor immunohistochemistry. Result No abnormal morphological abnormalities were observed in all rabbits. In the first five groups, the AChE was significantly higher in the side of the shockwave treatment compairing with the control side (<0.05),slow decrease after 1 week after the treatment. In the first five groups, the nAChR was significantly lower in the side of the shock wave treatment compairing with the control side ( <0.05), and gradually increased to normal after 8 weeks. Conslusion Suitable dose of shock wave will not have a greater impact on morphology of muscle tissue. After the shock wave treatment, the amount and degree of stimulate of muscle cells were decreased, and the production of action potentials was reduced. While the experimental side AchE and AchR in shock wave treatment day to 8 weeks after treatment showed a significant trend to normal, it shows that the effect of shock wave on NMJ is transient and reversible.%目的 评估放散式体外冲击波(radial extracorporeal shock wave treatment,rESWT)处理后兔小腿三头肌组织形态学及神经肌肉接头处AChE和nAChR含量改变.方法 体重(2±0.2)Kg雄性新西兰兔60只,对左小腿三头肌肌腹行强度1.5bar,频率10 Hz的2000次冲击.在rESWT处理当天和处理后第1、2、4、6、8周(分别对应第1～6组)各取10只兔的双侧小腿三头肌组织,冰冻切片后进行HE染色观察肌肉组织形态学变化,AchE染色后测量平均光密度值,nAChR免疫组织化学染色后对nAChR进行计数.结果 所有实验兔HE染色两侧对比未见肌组织形态学明显差异;前5组实验侧AchE平均光密度值对比对照侧显著升高(<0.05),处理后第1周实验侧AchE平均光密度值达峰值后缓慢下降,至处理后8周实验侧与对照侧相比AchE平均光密度值差异无统计学意义(>0.05);AchR计数对比前5组均显示实验侧对比对照侧显著降低(<0.05),但自冲击波处理当天至处理后8周呈现逐渐升高的趋势,处理后8周实验侧与对照侧相比AchR计数差异无统计学意义(>0.05).结论 对兔单侧小腿三头肌肌腹行适当强度rESWT处理后,肌组织HE染色显示形态学未产生较大影响,而短时间内AchE明显增多、AchR显著降低,提示该强度rESWT的处理在短时间内降低肌细胞接受刺激的数量及程度,进而减少动作电位的产生.
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