山西运城道情宝卷中的江南商人行商题材卷子——《佛说四德三元仁义宝卷》

摘要

In recent years, Daoqing Baojuan is a new kind of Qu that can be found in the area of Yuncheng Shanxi. It puts Baojuan and Daoqing together, and it is very important in the history of Baojuan. One of these Daoqing Baojuans is about the merchant theme, it tells about a merchan＇s business story in the Bei Song Dynasty, the businessman was named Fenshang who was born in HuGuang JiangXia on the south of the Changjiang River. The story revealed the essence of ＂Si De＂ worshiped by merchants at that time, on the other hand, it told us Shanxi merchants＇ difficulty and the emotional pain away from their hometown. This Baojuan has been popular form the JiaQing Period in the Qing Dynasty until now. Actually, the story was adopted to explain merchants＂ beliefs, moralities, ideals and ideas. Its spread has a positive educational function on the local commercial activities and other daily behaviors. This work provided an important first-hand material for us to understand the thoughts of Shanxi businessmen.%道情宝卷是近年来在山西运城地区发现的一种说唱文学的新曲种，它是将宝卷和道情两种说唱文学融合在一起进行表演和演唱的新曲种，在中国宝卷发展史上占有极其重要的位置。在发现的六部道情宝卷文本中，其中一部为商人行商的题材，叙述了北宋时期江南湖广江夏人冯商在北方和南方经商的故事，通过这个宝卷故事一方面展示了昔El湖广江夏商人所崇奉“四德”之实际内容和核心实质，一方面倾诉了昔日经商跋涉之艰难与背井离乡之苦痛情感。这部宝卷作品，从清代嘉庆以来一直流行在山西运城地区，实际是作者借用江南商人行商的故事，来寄托晋地商人经商的信仰、道德、理想、观念，它的传播与流行，对于当地晋商的经商活动和当地的广大民众都起到了一种积极劝诫教化作用。这部宝卷作品，也为我们了解昔日之晋商提供了重要的思想史方面的第一手资料。