基于超声波的室内三维定位系统

摘要

为满足对室内定位技术和系统应用平台的迫切需求,提出一种基于超声波的室内三维定位系统,阐述了其工作原理并对三边定位算法进行了研究.该系统基于射频和超声波传感器的固有性质,对超声波信号采用CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access)技术进行编码,以便在目标节点上区分每个信标发来的超声波信号,并结合射频信号实现TDOA(Time Difference Of Arrival)测距算法,最终实现三维定位.实验研究表明,以一个信标为原点,另外两个信标分别放置为X轴和Y轴上,建立三维坐标系,能简化三边定位算法,并能实现精度较高的三维定位.%For the urgent needs of indoor positioning technology and the platform,we proposed a based ultrasonic indoor three-dimensional positioning system, and described its working principle and the analyzed ultrasonic signals. Based on the character of radio frequency and ultrasonic sensors the system encodes the ultrasonic signal using CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access) technology,so that the destination node can distinguish each beacon signal sent to the ultrasound,and combines with the RF signal to achieve TDOA(Time Difference Of Arrival) location algorithm, and ultimately does three-dimensional positioning. Experimental shown that a three-dimensional coordinate system is built by a beacon for the origin and the other two beacons placed on the X axis and the Y axis,which can simplify the triangular positioning algorithm and achieve high precision three-dimensional positioning.