Bacterial liver abscess is a rare and life-threatening disease, and, clinically, its incidence has gradually increased in recent years. In terms of its treatment, percutaneous puncturing drainage combined with antibiotics has been the first-line therapeutic means, and surgical procedures are often used for patients in whom the interventional drainage is ineffective or in whom the liver abscess is complicated by abdominal disease that needs surgical management. Percutaneous catheter drainage and percutaneous fine needle aspiration, regarded as the two most commonly used interventional drainage methods, have been widely employed in the treatment of bacterial liver abscess; and percutaneous catheter drainage is more commonly adopted in clinical practice. Although the prognosis of bacterial liver abscess has been improved significantly, there is still a certain fatality rate. There is still no a well-accepted consensus on treatment guidelines. Moreover, there are still many controversies over the indications of percutaneous puncturing drainage. Based on a comprehensive review of the domestic and foreign literature, this paper aims to make a detailed introduction concerning percutaneous puncturing drainage for the treatment of bacterial liver abscess, focusing on its development history, curative effect and prognosis, and, in order to guide the clinical practice, the principles of the use of antibiotics, the comparison of clinical effect with surgery and the therapeutic indications will be also discussed.%细菌性肝脓肿是一种罕见又会危及生命的疾病,近年来发病率有所升高.就治疗而言,经皮穿刺引流术联合抗生素已成为细菌性肝脓肿的一线治疗手段,外科手术多用于介入引流无效或肝脓肿合并有外科适应证的腹部疾病.作为常用的两种介入引流术,经皮穿刺导管引流术和经皮穿刺细针抽吸术广泛应用于细菌性肝脓肿的治疗,并以前者居多.尽管细菌性肝脓肿的预后已明显改善,但其仍有一定的致死率,治疗指南仍未达成共识,经皮穿刺引流术的适应证仍存在争议.本文复习国内外文献,就经皮穿刺引流术在细菌性肝脓肿治疗中的发展历程、疗效、预后、抗生素的使用原则、与外科对比及治疗适应证探讨进行综述,以指导临床实践.
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