复叶槭挥发性物质的日释放节律及对光肩星天牛引起的行为反应

摘要

The volatile compounds from ash-leaf maple (Acer negundo L.) were examined by adsorption-thermodesorption and GC-MS. Thirty-two compounds, including alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, terpenoids, carboxylic acids, etc. were identified. The analysis revealed that the diurnal rhythm of release of volatile compounds from maple differed in July and in August. In July, the releasing of most volatile compounds reached the peak at 14 o'clock, when in August, the emission of volatile compounds reached the peak at 10 o'clock. Besides diurnal rhythm, there also existed other differences in the releasing of volatiles and their relative contents in July and in August. A possible explanation for this phenomenon is the maturation of leaves, since the sampling conditions were the same both in July and August. At the same time, the response of Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky to volatiles was examined with field bioassay with traps. cis-3-hexen-1-ol was found to be more effective to attract A. glabripennis than other volatiles released by ash-leaf maple tree in field trapping test. A mixture of 1-butanol, 1-pentanol and 2-pentanol was tested to be the most attractive to A. glabripennis among all tested volatiles. More field trapping tests should be conducted.%采用动态顶空采集吸附、热脱附及GC-MS分析的方法,对活体复叶槭(Acer negundo L.)释放的挥发性物质的组成及日释放节律进行了研究.鉴定出复叶槭挥发性物质中的32种化合物成份,包括醛类、醇类、酮类、酯类、脂肪酸类、萜烯类等.日释放节律研究表明,在7月份主要挥发性物质释放高峰集中于14时左右,而8月份则提前到10时左右.虽然在7月份和8月份采样时保持条件一致,但所释放的挥发性物质在种类及相对含量上有明显的不同,这很可能与复叶槭不同时期的生长状况及叶片的衰老有关.在田间采用诱捕器研究了光肩星天牛对上述挥发性物质的行为反应.田间试验结果表明,与其它挥发物相比,顺-3-己烯-1-醇在田间对光肩星天牛具有更强的引诱活性;由1-丁醇,1-戊醇和2-戊醇混合而成的混合物具有最强的引诱活性.