马克思剥削范畴的历史视角分析

摘要

Private economy is the indispensable condition of Marxist exploitation .Degrees of exploita-tion vary in different marketing competition situations .They lie in the condition of competition in labor market ,cost of the enterprise’s management ,level of innovation from the employees and the products 'competitive capacity .The severe exploitation circumstance in history of the British workers described by Marx was the result of non-competitiveness of the labor market ,poor management ,low innovation and weak competitiveness of the products .So to understand the issue of exploitation in private economy in our country ,a comprehensive analysis of all the factors need to be made .It is unwise to blindly agree on the existence of equally severe exploitation in any private enterprises .%私有经济是存在马克思剥削的必要条件，不同市场竞争环境下会有不同程度的剥削。剥削大小是企业主所面临的劳动力需求市场竞争状况、企业主所付出的管理和创新劳动水平以及产品的市场竞争状况等因素共同作用决定的。正是由于当时劳动力需求市场存在的非竞争性、企业主所付出的管理和创新劳动水平低以及产品销售市场上的弱竞争环境等因素的共同作用，导致了马克思所阐述的英国工人当时所受到的严重剥削的历史事实。因此，理解我国私营经济的剥削问题也需要从以上影响因素加以综合考察和判断，而不是一概地认为凡是存在私有成分的企业都存在同等程度私有制下的严重剥削现象。