When construction enterprises face influence from market economy,natural environment,engineering condition,and policy adjustments,they would usually choose to change engineering to avoid risks and interference.However,changing frequently in engineering might cause sunk cost effect,which will influence decision makers' rational choice.As a result,both theoretieians and engineers in construction business pay attention to how to improve the decision level for sunk cost effect.Recently,most researchers have focused on two aspects:main effect on decision-making and negative influence on sunk cost effect.Few systematic theories can explain the sunk cost effect of engineering change decisions.The paper adopts the construal level theory to explain the sunk cost effect of level and situation by constructing a four table chi-square model,which discusses the decision criterion by decision-makers from the perspective of psychological distance in an experiment.It analyzes the consequences of different decisions to reveal the law of sunk cost effect in engineering change decision,which can provide theoretical guidance for engineering change management and avoid unreasonable sunk cost effect.The paper involves two parts.In the first part,the paper mainly builds a four table chi-sqnare model.Firstly,some theories,application status and engineering significance about construal level will be introduced.Secondly,the author designs an experiment to understand the sunk cost effect of decision makers in different situations (life situations and engineering situations) and different construal levels (self-decision and help others decide).Finally,the basic steps of four table chi-square test will be displayed.In the second part,the paper mainly discusses chi-square tests in four aspects (different construal level sunk cost effect in life situations,different constrnal level sunk cost effect in engineering situations,the relationship between construal level and sunk cost effect arisen from decision-makers,the relationship between situations and sunk cost effect arisen from decision-makers),and also analyzes the results.To sum up,construal level theory may reveal the law of engineering change sunk cost effect,and it can provide theoretical support for decision-makers to make reasonable engineering change decisions.Under low level construal,sunk cost effects will be generated when decision-makers face sunk cost in life or project situations.Under high level construal,sunk cost effect is generated easily in project situations but seldom in life situations.When decision makers face the same situation,sunk cost effect is generated more easily under low level construal than high level construal.When decision makers adopt the same construal level,sunk cost effect is generated more easily in project situations than in real life situations.%针对建筑企业在工程变更时产生的沉没成本问题,引入解释水平理论,构建解释水平与情景交叉的沉没成本效应四表格卡方检验模型,并借助对比实验手段分析决策主体沉没成本效应的差异,以揭示工程变更决策沉没成本效应规律.实验结果表明:(1)采用低水平解释,决策主体在面对生活情境或工程情境的沉没成本时,都会产生沉没成本效应;采用高水平解释,工程情境容易产生沉没成本效应,而生活情境很少产生沉没成本效应.(2)同一情境下,决策主体采用低水平解释比高水平解释更容易产生沉没成本效应;同一种解释水平下,决策主体在工程情境中比在生活情境中更容易产生沉没成本效应.研究结果可为工程变更决策主体的理性选择提供理论支持.
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