Managerial activities consist of different forms of knowledge exchange between employees in the knowledge network.Enterprises consider the knowledge networks between employees as the most important resource of enterprise knowledge management.However,most enterprises focus on individual level instead of knowledge network level.Because employees are members of the knowledge network,improving the knowledge exchange capacity of the whole knowledge network is more important.Researchers have also explored how to improve the communication efficiency of knowledge network.They recognize the important purpose of establishing cooperation between the members of organization knowledge network is to improve knowledge flow and knowledge sharing activities between employees,and analyze separately the impact factors of knowledge exchange in organizational knowledge network from three aspects,including knowledge characteristics,organizational characteristics and network characteristics.However,very few researches have focused on knowledge network communication involving the breath of knowledge transfer(the frequency which knowledge agents can communicate with other knowledge agents) and the depth of knowledge transfer (the total amount of knowledge which knowledge agents can exchange with other knowledge agents).This paper will consider the breadth and depth of knowledge exchange,use the dynamic simulation method,analyze the effect of breadth and depth of different knowledge exchanges on knowledge network flow efficiency,and explain the causes of the effects based on social network theory.The conclusion will provide new ideas for the academic to analyze how to improve the exchange efficiency of knowledge network from knowledge network breadth and depth,and provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for management practice.In our study,we build a multi-agent simulation model based on theoretical analysis,and simulate the efficiency of knowledge flow and knowledge networks with different network depth and width.We found that the total amount of knowledge generated from team learning and organizational learning will continue to increase and become gradually flat.The total knowledge amount of wide communication and the status quo will appear in a declining trend.Secondly,the total amount of knowledge exchanged from high to low are in the following order:team-based learning knowledge network,organization learning knowledge network,wide communication knowledge network,and the status quo knowledge network.Knowledge variance from high to low is in the following order:team learning knowledge network,organization learning knowledge network,the status quo knowledge network,and wide communication knowledge network.Thus,we analyze the characteristics of knowledge networks and explain the reason of team learning knowledge network with low network communication width and high network depth.One major theoretical implication is that team learning knowledge exchange network with low breadth and high depth has the highest efficiency.This finding helps address issues related to previous studies that analyze knowledge exchange network efficiency from the match between the breadth and the depth.In addition,multi-agent simulation methods used in this study solve issues of the previous study that show a static perspective but can not simulate the evolution of overall knowledge networks and the interaction between knowledge network agents.Moreover,this study interprets the efficiency of different knowledge networks from the social network perspective based on overall knowledge network characteristics.In a practical sense,the conclusions will also help managers consider how to improve knowledge network efficiency from knowledge exchange depth and breadth.For enterprises,blindly increasing the breadth of knowledge exchange is not the best choice.Appropriate knowledge exchange width will be more beneficial to the spread of tacit knowledge.Therefore,companies facing the competitive environment should strive to create a team learning knowledge network in an organization in order to improve the efficiency of knowledge exchange,which will provide a better environment for the exchanges of explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge.Most importantly,team learning knowledge network can help enterprises achieve organizational goals and adapt to competition.%知识网络是知识管理研究的重要内容,而提高整个知识网络的交流效率是当前许多企业亟需面临的问题.但目前对知识网络宽度和深度对知识网络效率影响的研究却相当薄弱.本文综合分析了这两个因素对知识网络效率的动态影响,采用多主体仿真模型构建了不同知识交流深度与广度匹配的知识网络模型模拟了不同知识网络的演进过程.研究结果表明,首先,在知识量方面,团队学习型和组织学习型知识网络传递会呈现先不断增加并逐渐持平的变化规律,广泛交际型和固步自封型知识网络则呈现不断下降再逐渐持平的变化趋势.其次,四类知识网络知识交流总量从高到低的排序为团队学习型知识网络、组织学习型知识网络、广泛交际型知识网络、固步自封型知识网络;知识方差从高到低的排序为:团队学习型知识网络、组织学习型知识网络、固步自封型知识网络、广泛交际型知识网络.进而指出,低知识网络宽度和高知识网络深度匹配的团队型知识网络具有最好的知识交流效率;而且高知识交流深度会使知识网络的知识交流效率不断提高,低知识交流深度会使知识网络的知识交流效率不断降低;高知识交流宽度虽然比低知识交流宽度更有利于提高知识网络的知识交流总量,但低知识交流宽度比高知识交流宽度更有助于提高每个知识主体每次交流的知识方差.进一步地,本文又基于社会网络理论从整体网络特征的几个方面对上述结论进行了分析和解释.该研究结论是对当前仅从网络交流宽度和深度的某一方面研究知识网络交流效率的重要补充,也是帮助管理者思考如何从知识交流深度和广度方面提高知识网络交流效率的重要启发.
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