Red mud is a kind of waste slag with unique properties discharged from alumina production.Therefore, red mud reservoir has special dam-break characteristic because of its extremely fine tailings particles. In this paper, a red mud reservoir and its downstream channel were studied as a whole, and the development process and mechanism of the overflow dam break about the tailings reservoir were analyzed by physical model test. The test results show that the dam-break development law of the red mud reservoir is relatively complex, and the process can be divided into three stages, and each stage has a trend of approaching dynamic equilibrium. In addition, the large change of dam slope results in the different partition phenomenon on the dam surface space. Finally, the formula for calculating the maximum submergence height of red mud flow in the downstream channel is derived and verified by model test data.%赤泥是氧化铝厂生产排放的一种性质独特的弃渣, 因颗粒极细, 赤泥库一旦溃坝, 具有特殊的规律.本文以某赤泥库及下游沟道为整体研究对象, 采用尾矿库物理模型试验方法, 对赤泥尾矿库漫顶溃坝的发展过程及其机理进行分析.其结果表明:赤泥尾矿库溃坝发展规律比较复杂, 在过程上可划分为洪峰前段、洪峰段及洪峰后段, 且每阶段都有接近动态平衡的趋势;较大的坝坡变化使坝面空间上存在冲淤分区现象.最后, 推导了赤泥流在下游沟道内演进的最大淹没高度计算公式, 并利用模型试验资料对该公式进行了检验.
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