额尔齐斯河流域中游水资源开发利用与影响研究

摘要

The Irtysh River, an international river rising in Mongolia and flowing across China, Kazakhstan and Russia, flowes into the Arctic Ocean. Based on the reasonable estimation of the surface water resources in the middle reach, this paper constructed the process of runoff variations along the mainstream combing with the analysis of water resources utilization and development, and caculated water loss and consumption in the region. Furthermore, the paper analyzed and judged the issues of potential exploation and utilization of water resources, ecologic water level and protection of the Zaysan Lake, possible impact on the river section related to Russia caused by exploration and utilization on the upper and middle reach of the river.%额尔齐斯河是横跨中、蒙、哈、俄四国并最终注入北冰洋的国际河流。本文分析其中游水资源开发利用及沿程变化过程，在合理评价中游地表水资源的基础上，结合中游水资源开发利用状况，以干流为主线，构建了额河干流中下游水量沿程变化过程，以4个关键水文站为节点分析了额河中游干流的耗水量。最后，对额河中游水资源开发利用前景、斋桑泊水位变化与生态保护和中游水资源配置对下游俄罗斯的可能影响进行了讨论。