裁判文书说理的法理立场与运用

摘要

中国大陆裁判文书说理不充分的四个关键原因是规则理性缺失、法官素质限制、案件数量压力和缺乏激励机制.裁判文书说理的三个基本法理立场提倡为规范性立场、适度性立场和程序性立场.运用三个立场,就"公开合议庭不同意见",认为可以技术性地公开不同意见;就"法官寄语",认为仅限于青少年违法犯罪和婚姻家事纠纷且应与裁判文书明显隔分;就"指导性案例援引",认为应在说理部分中参照和借鉴,不能直接作为裁判依据,且应从司法管理、社会监督、学者评论等角度提高指导性案例运用率.%The four key reasons of lack of judicial reasoning lie in:lack of rule rationality,judge quality limitation ,case pressure and lack of incentive mechanism.This paper calls for three basic standpoints:normalization,suitability and procedure.We can technically make public the different opinions of collegial panel ,separately adopting the judge asked in marriage and family disputes and citing instructive cases in reasoning part (not in referee basis).