黄土高原半干旱区生态化“水-绿”双赢空间模式构建

摘要

The semi-arid area of Loess Plateau is an ecological sensitive area in landscape architecture. The main issue that local settlements confronted with is the shortage of water resource and vegetation. Taking the study of the relation among water, green (vegetation), and human into consideration, focusing on catchment and greening, ecological rehabilitation, and industrial planning, the theory of “water-green win-win” can be combined with landscape spatial planning to generate four principles: order, type, layout, and capacity. According to four typical typography as pond and river bank area, gully area, mountainous slope area, and tableland area, four spatial modes can be constructed. The ecological spatial modes are possible to guide landscape planning in semi-arid area, and hence improve the human settlements.%黄土高原半干旱区是风景园林规划的生态敏感地带，缺水少绿是当地人居环境面临的主要问题。通过对水、绿、人三者微妙关系的研究，以集水造绿、生态修复与产业规划为切入点，将“水绿双赢”理论与基于人居要素的景观空间规划实践相结合，可总结出该区生态化水绿双赢的秩序原则、类型原则、形式原则和承载原则，并根据四类典型地形构建川塘水岸挂淤减蒸、固根护岸、乔灌混交、农林共产的空间模式，沟壑沟底保墒淤地、果农间作、沟坡同治、固坝缓流的空间模式，山地坡面因产制地、散坡控流、纯混复层、梯坡同造的生态化水绿双赢空间模式。空间模式可指导该区的风景园林规划，改善人居环境。