问题意识与论证训练：当前我国哲学教育的困境及出路

摘要

当前的哲学教育主要有两种方式，一是以权威教材为纲，二是以经典原著为纲，它们共同的困境在于缺乏明确的问题意识和严格的论证训练。欲改造我国当前的哲学教育，必须通过发现和重构哲学家们的问题，从而训练学生的问题意识，并通过识别、图示和评价哲学家们的论证，从而训练出独立地建构哲学论证的能力。论证训练的目的，并非只是为了能够提出合理的论证，更是为了让学生的心灵受到普遍的理性熏陶，从而培养起依照普遍法则而行为的习惯。%There are two main modes for our present philosophical education.One takes authoritative text-books as its core, and the other takes some classical originals as its core.Both of them have common predica-ments, that is to say, lack of the consciousness of question and of the training for argument.In order to get out of these predicaments and change our present philosophical education, we should train our students for con-sciousness of question by figuring out and reconstructing the questions that philosophers want to answer , and at the same time we should advance the abilities of our students to put forward them own philosophical arguments by identifying, schematizing, and evaluating some philosophers’ classical originals.The end of training for argument is not only to enable students acquiring the abilities to propound some reasonable arguments, but also to edify them with rationality so as to that they can accustom themselves to acting on the universal law of reason.