佛教的生态观及其对现代生态文明建设的启示

摘要

There are rich and unique ecological ideas in Buddhism , and the theory of origin is the philosophical foundation of ecological idea of Buddhism . Buddhism believes that the root of ecological environment deterioration lies in three poisons :greed , hatred and delusion , which inflate man’s inner desires to assart and conquest the natural environment , and thus result in the intensification of ecological crisis . Therefore , it is necessary to overcome human inner desire and set up the correct ecological thoughts in order to solve the ecological deteriorating problems . Based on the theory of origin , Buddhism view on equality , compassion and life expounds the relationship between human and nature which should coexist harmoniously , as well as puts forward the ecological ethics thoughts such as the idea that all living things are equal , stopping killing and protecting life , etc . Study on the ecological thought will help to improve people’s ecological consciousness and promote the development of ecological civilization construction .%佛教中含有丰富又独特的生态观，缘起论是佛教生态思想的哲学基础。佛教认为生态环境恶化的根源是贪、嗔、痴三毒使人类的内心欲望过度膨胀，从而对自然环境进行征服开垦，导致了生态危机的加剧。因此，要攻克生态日益恶化的难题就必须克服人类的内心欲望，从意识着手，树立正确的生态思想。以缘起论为基础，佛教中的平等观、慈悲观和生命观等阐述了人与自然应和谐共处的关系，提出了众生平等、戒杀护生等具有重要现实价值的生态伦理思想。学习和借鉴佛教中的生态思想，有助于提高人们的生态意识，改善环境，推动生态文明建设的发展。