培训成本与收益视角下的高校教师重科研轻教学现象探析

摘要

从人力资本的视角分析，教师的科研和教学能力属于通用性人力资本，其最主要形成途径之一为一般培训。通过比较分析国内外高校教师的培训成本与收益，可以发现：我国高校教师科研和教学能力的形成主要通过教师自我培训完成；在由教师自主承担主要培训成本时，教师倾向于参与成本低、收益大、风险小的科研培训。因此，欲改变高校教师重科研轻教学的现状，须从降低培训成本、提高教学培训收益、调动教师参与教学培训的积极性三方面进行改善。%From the perspective of human capitaI , university teachers’ scientific research abiIity and teaching abiIity beIong to generaI human capitaI ,and one path of their formation is firm‐specific human capitaI .Through anaIyzing the cost and profit of attending scientific research training and teaching training at home and abroad , two concIusions are drawn .FirstIy ,university teachers’ capacity for research and teaching mainIy reIy on their seIf‐training;SecondIy ,when university teachers need to bear the training cost ,they tend to attend scientific research training which is of Iow cost , high prifit and Iow risk .Therefore ,in order to change the phenomenon that teachers emphasize on scientific research instead of teaching ,we must reduce the training cost ,raise the training profit and arouse the enthusiasm of attending training .